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"A clinical study was made on 85 cases` of urinary lithiasis among the number of 3795 out-patients, during 5 years and 8 months from January 1964 to August 1969, and 80 cases were analyzed by a chemical method. (70 cases were safely reserved stone, 10 cases were by litholapaxy.) The results were as following: 1. The incidence of urinary calculi was 2.2%, male to female ratio being approximately 3.7: l. 2 83 cases of urinary calculi were found in the Chonnam district and 2 cases were found in the Chonbuk district 3. The age of the patients ranged from 20~40 years in approximately 65.6%. 4 The location of the urinary calculi was in ureter in 47%, kidney (29.4%), bladder(14.2%) and urethra (9.4%). 5. The most favored predilection of ureteral stone was lower third of ureter in approximately 47% of all cases 6. In a number of urinary calculi in each location 83.5% (71 cases) was single. The most common sire, was below 0.5cm in its diameter, and weight, below 0.5Gm on 41 cases (51.25%). 7. The clinical symptoms of upper urinary tract lithiasis showed flank pain in 81.5%, hematuria in 35. 4%, and suprapubic discomfort in 30. 8%, ,but in lower urinary tract, painful urination was in 85%, urgency in 60%, stoppage of urinary stream in 65% and hematuria in 40%. 8. The microscopic hematuria showed 87.1%, which incidence was higher in lower urinary tract calculi, and pyuria was revealed in 39. 9%. 9. The most frequent surgical intervention was ureterolithotomy in 38.5% (35 cases). 10. The results of chemical analysis of 80 urinary calculi showed the mixed type of calcium-phosphate and calcium oxalate in 40% (32 cases), calcium oxalate in 12. 5% (10 cases), calcium phosphate in 12.5% (10 cases), the mixed type of calcium-phosphate and ammonium-phosphate in 10% (8 cases), calcium- carbonate in 10% (8 cases) and urate in 3.75% (3 cases). 11. Cases of bilateral urinary calculi were revealed in 13.8%."
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